Preface

At present, China is in a transformation era of planned economy to market economy. China's employment system is also changing from“Employment Guaranttee”of the planned economy period to“Two-way selection, self-career”of the market economy. There are still many imperfections in China's market economy. And the labor market has not realized full and complete competition. Employment information can not be completely gotten openly and fairly. Social capital of college students as an informal system of resource allocation often plays an irreplaceable role during individual job searching. With the number of college graduates having increased and the problem of employment having stood out, We found that it was difficult to interpret the employment problem of college students completely and accurately only from the perspective of human capital theory. Many scholars have been beginning to concern the effects of social capital acting on employment of college students.

This book discusses the effects of human capital and social capital acting on employment of college students by combing the two theories from the perspective of theoretical and empirical. We used“Graduate Employment Investigation”to survey 6500 students in 29 colleges that they will graduate in 2010. We want to analysis the effect mechanism and characteristics of the two kinds of capital factors acting on employment of college students. And we also will put forward some thoughts and suggestions to these related subjects with employment of college students.

The main contents of the book: we explored the effects of the two capital factors acting on employability and quality of employment of college students using human capital and social capital theory basing on carding related studies of domestic and abroad. Furthermore, we studied the mechanism and characteristics of the two capital factors affecting to college employment from the angles of the whole, different education backgrounds, different family background, different segmentations of the labor market and group of entrepreneurship.

The main points and conclusions of the book: first, as a whole, employment of college students is the result of the two capitals affecting together. The healthy relationships of promoting and complementing with each other promote to form resultant force. And ultimately act on graduate employment. Second, there are effects of positive and negative features for the two capital factors. Overall, the two capitals have a positive function mechanism to promote employment realization. But when we analyse the dates at perspective of different groups of college students, we find that there is a negative mechanism for some factors which increase the job expectations to stop college students employ successfully. It is more prominent and obvious that the two capital factors reduce the employment satisfaction of college students. Third, the competition of human capital is the major in the job market of college students at present. And social capital only plays a facilitator of human resources collocation. However, there is still a gap between the effects of the two capitals in different student groups. The application force of human capital factors is proportional to the level of education background. The application force of social capital factors and the level of education background are inversely related. Employment of college students from low-income families is mainly affected by human capital factors. Employment of college students from middle and super-income families is mainly affected by human capital and social capital factors together. The application force of social capital factors is proportional to the level of family income of college students. These obvious that the importance of these capital factors is different in different college student groups and the segmented labor market. Fourth, major, work experience and interpersonal are the most important effective factors. Fifth, the effects of social capital to entrepreneurial desires and behaviors of college students are marked. The effects of the social capital factors to entrepreneurship desire are major. Particularly, the family social capital is more significant. The two capital factors impacting the actual entrepreneurship behavior are college tape, human communication and family social capitals, and so on.