![乐高机器人:EV3与Scratch机器人基础与应用实例](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/56/36862056/b_36862056.jpg)
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3.2 动作模块组
3.2.1 中型电机与大型电机
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/53_01.jpg?sign=1739541626-v1kNSCRapzsBc2sv5MTgnL7AlxxkwLgU-0-aa6bcf19b998ed5825a0494f0b2f1141)
中型电机
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/53_02.jpg?sign=1739541626-KhdNohEBRuZoRhw47nTMBwewvcSwtvnB-0-18fc7513ab92292d472f948ee8a4e311)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/53_03.jpg?sign=1739541626-a07QOTnMf8KSXj84hH4wNxezkVTkYovd-0-e85a93a0ae800f14b4ff90add4536687)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/53_04.jpg?sign=1739541626-AdNdVHJOxKAHjwmrcIM1T7uEV5gsk71h-0-ac925a65e2048472c615038a6ffe17cb)
大型电机
下拉菜单拉开后,有五种操作状态:
“关闭”可以让电机强制停车,1圈=360°(电机自转360°)。
“开启”就是控制电机的功率,功率有正负之分,分别控制前/后行走。
“开启指定秒数”是对运行时间的控制,如果前方有障碍挡住了行进线路,卡住轮子到了指定时间,这个程序块就执行完成了。
“开启指定度数”是控制最后是否制动,区别在于制动会停得较快,也会锁住电机刹车。不制动(EV3编程软件中将其称为惯性滑行)停得较缓慢。
“开启指定圈数”用于指定圈数和度数,电机必须运转到指定的圈数和度数。
3.2.2 移动转向
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/53_05.jpg?sign=1739541626-mGi6TeKiSjP8IIrlPZrzKyWDfXGoHIYm-0-9dd23aa07fcaf066fc402c47f71c472c)
移动转向
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/53_06.jpg?sign=1739541626-MIYQ03tKXmnNCYaVFic5RWyslguTzXfC-0-2f7fe6145dd8abae0e990ad0e4d0f103)
注意:
转向是控制转弯角度的,角度接近100可用来调头。转弯的度数是移动转向模块给电机的两个轮子分配的转动度数,并不是整个EV3机器人需要转动的角度。
圈数是电机旋转的次数。度数是电机旋转的度数。时间是电机运行的时间。电机正功率向前,负功率向后。
3.2.3 移动槽、显示
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/54_01.jpg?sign=1739541626-mfL78xk0bfqqtKuP2KqFPkE2qLjWGhLg-0-b333cbf9170b44d84a05d74d04b079e2)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/54_02.jpg?sign=1739541626-nEY4iHCSSomdOOrTrSkrn0HzvObbbXzS-0-ef1429519f0551f3817f2e983be3bb5b)
移动槽
相当于把两个大型电机拼在一起。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/54_03.jpg?sign=1739541626-zUskXOhiw20h9GAvD2hU2GP1l3dM9C7t-0-4d31c112ff0a6d8186e033aecb5ef69f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/54_04.jpg?sign=1739541626-ywEvCtMcAdfrB2jEY0Vl7u7JXleofvGd-0-5713f1376ba81d7d9265f5394ec48d84)
显示模块
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/54_05.jpg?sign=1739541626-qCqiLiVUEuwQ0aeMWJ58rmkcJjEgd4Nh-0-b6e6064faca226e6b7cc459842a2d494)
EV3显示屏的坐标
许多显示模块使用X和Y坐标指定要绘制项目的位置。坐标指定EV3程序块显示屏上的像素位置。位置(0, 0)处于显示屏左上角,如右上图所示。
显示屏宽178像素,高128像素。X坐标值范围从显示屏左侧的0到右侧的177。Y坐标值范围从顶部的0到底部的127。
擦除屏幕的意思是显示新的内容前,擦去旧的,系统默认擦除屏幕。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/54_06.jpg?sign=1739541626-aTxhu1t8Kz5kFQ6880qjIyKfAJmiMaOU-0-be424a3c4f9593834406e3697aefb8d3)
3.2.4 声音模块、程序块状态灯
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/55_01.jpg?sign=1739541626-NTcAxxmFzhg4sulE9jzKSmJ771rn6u9J-0-a49233a5f91329be061a3dd55b0b1a2e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/55_02.jpg?sign=1739541626-wpw6Ge2X8zXiwibKldAfJBaNShxaTKWr-0-fd883a4b9f4fe57bd1693b2c8ca33b8e)
声音模块
注意:
这里最右侧下拉框的等待完成是可以阻塞程序运行的。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/55_03.jpg?sign=1739541626-DQZG5Scb3TpHiyfhXex52rIEkCeop4Si-0-e9a013c8fcdba0eff6b75d0b23059ba6)
声音模块与播放音符。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/55_04.jpg?sign=1739541626-CUmqj8K0Vviqceg84Nxx8klt6T6Zt2i4-0-27423764b1fa726f3a768a61d976c865)
此程序会基于电机旋转传感器的位置,使音调频率发生变化。在手动转动电机时,音调会更改。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/55_05.jpg?sign=1739541626-vi12VIqLQ7DlfjPjzNZjKeCreKdK7xeQ-0-ee7ca98371c19203ec73600fadc66331)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/54B5A3/19549638401509406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/55_06.jpg?sign=1739541626-qWVPBegfFUUJDbQF8CSJquGnCN7M9h5w-0-769d0ad144409dcf2825f2317396d88f)
程序块状态灯
它可以控制EV3程序块的灯亮不亮,以及亮灯的颜色,闪不闪烁。